Influence of the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy in the development of wheezing and eczema in infants in Pamplona, Spain

Background: This study examined the relationship between different food groups and the adherence to a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and the risk of wheezing and eczema in children aged 12-15 months. Methods: The study involves 1087 Spanish infants from the International Study of Wheezing in Infants (Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes, EISL). The study of the association of the different food consumption and Mediterranean diet with wheezing, recurrent wheezing and eczema was performed using different models of unconditional logistic regression to obtain adjusted prevalence odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results: No association was found between a good adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and the development of wheezing (p = 0.372), recurrent wheezing (p = 0.118) and eczema (p = 0.315). The consumption once or twice a week of white fish (OR: 1.95[1.01-3.75]), cooked potatoes (OR: 1.75[1.22-2.51]) and industrial pastry (OR: 1.59[1.13-2.24]), and the consumption more than three times a week of industrial pastry (OR: 1.47 [1.01-2.13]) during pregnancy increases the risk of "wheezing" at 12 months. Instead, high fruit consumption during the pregnancy has a protective effect against "wheezing" in 12-month-old infants (OR: 0.44 [0.20-0.99]). No statistically significant differences were observed between food intake during pregnancy and "recurrent wheezing". No statistically significant differences were observed between the consumption of any food during pregnancy and the presence of eczema at 12 months. Conclusions: The present study showed that the consumption of Mediterranean diet during pregnancy did not have a protective effect for wheezing, recurrent wheezing or eczema (AU)

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Influence of the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy in the development of wheezing and eczema in infants in Pamplona, Spain.

BACKGROUND: This study examined the relationship between different food groups and the adherence to a Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and the risk of wheezing and eczema in children aged 12-15 months. METHODS: The study involves 1087 Spanish infants from the International Study of Wheezing in Infants (Estudio Internacional de Sibilancias en Lactantes, EISL). The study of the association of the different food consumption and Mediterranean diet with wheezing, recurrent wheezing and eczema was performed using different models of unconditional logistic regression to obtain adjusted prevalence odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). RESULTS: No association was found between a good adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy and the development of wheezing (p=0.372), recurrent wheezing (p=0.118) and eczema (p=0.315). The consumption once or twice a week of white fish (OR: 1.95[1.01-3.75]), cooked potatoes (OR: 1.75[1.22-2.51]) and industrial pastry (OR: 1.59[1.13-2.24]), and the consumption more than three times a week of industrial pastry (OR: 1.47 [1.01-2.13]) during pregnancy increases the risk of "wheezing" at 12 months. Instead, high fruit consumption during the pregnancy has a protective effect against "wheezing" in 12-month-old infants (OR: 0.44 [0.20-0.99]). No statistically significant differences were observed between food intake during pregnancy and "recurrent wheezing". No statistically significant differences were observed between the consumption of any food during pregnancy and the presence of eczema at 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: The present study showed that the consumption of Mediterranean diet during pregnancy did not have a protective effect for wheezing, recurrent wheezing or eczema.

The influence of gender and atopy in the relationship between obesity and asthma in childhood

BACKGROUND: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between asthma and overweight-obesity in Spanish children and adolescents and to determine whether this relationship was affected by gender and atopy. METHODS: The study involves 8607 Spanish children and adolescents from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood phase III. Unconditional logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between asthma symptoms and overweight-obesity in the two groups. Afterwards, it was stratified by sex and rhinoconjunctivitis. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in 6-7-year-old children was 18.6% and 5.2% respectively and in 13-14 year-old teenagers was 11.4% and 1.1% respectively. Only the obese children, not the overweight children, of the 6-7 year old group had a higher risk of any asthma symptoms (wheezing ever: OR 1.68 [1.15-2.47], asthma ever: OR 2.29 [1.43-3.68], current asthma 2.56 [1.54-4.28], severe asthma 3.18 [1.50-6.73], exercise-induced asthma 2.71 [1.45-5.05]). The obese girls had an increased risk of suffering any asthma symptoms (wheezing ever: OR 1.73 [1.05-2.91], asthma ever: OR 3.12 [1.67-5.82], current asthma 3.20 [1.65-6.19], severe asthma 4.83[1.94-12.04], exercise-induced asthma 3.68 [1.67-8.08]). The obese children without rhinoconjunctivitis had a higher risk of asthma symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity and asthma symptoms were associated in 6-7 year-old children but not in 13-14 year-old teenagers. The association was stronger in non-atopic children and obese girls

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Enfermedad de Blount: a propósito de un caso / Blount disease: a case report

La enfermedad de Blount o tibia vara es una alteración del desarrollo que afecta al cartílago de crecimiento proximal de la tibia. Es una entidad poco frecuente y de probable origen multifactorial, cuya etiología no está aclarada. Provoca una deformidad progresiva con un arqueamiento de las extremidades inferiores en forma de genu varo. En la variante precoz es más frecuente la afectación bilateral por lo que en los casos leves puede ser difícil diferenciar del genu varo fisiológico. Presentamos el caso de una niña de 15 meses de origen africano que presenta un genu varo bilateral progresivo. Tras un seguimiento clínico y radiológico precisó finalmente corrección quirúrgica de la deformidad (AU)

Blount disease is a developmental disorder that affects the proximal growth cartilage of the tibia. It is a rare entity of probable multifactorial origin whose etiology is not clear. It causes a progressive deformity with a bowing of the lower limbs in the form of a genu varum. In the early variant, bilateral involvement is more frequent, so in mild cases it may be difficult to differentiate between the physiological variant. We present the case of a 15-month-old girl of African origin, who has a progressive bilateral genu varum. After a clinical and radiological follow-up, he finally needed surgical correction of the deformity (AU)

Síndrome de Frey: a propósito de dos casos / Frey syndrome in children: two case report

El síndrome auriculotemporal, o síndrome de Frey, es infrecuente en la edad pediátrica. Se caracteriza por episodios recurrentes de enrojecimiento e hiperhidrosis en la zona inervada por el nervio auriculotemporal, causados por estímulos gustativos, sobre todo ácidos. Es fundamental conocer esta entidad para no someter a los niños a pruebas y dietas de exclusión innecesarias. A diferencia de la población adulta, no precisa tratamiento, al ser un cuadro autolimitado (AU)

The auriculotemporal syndrome or Frey syndrome is rare in children. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of erythema and hyperhidrosis in the area supplied by the auriculotemporal nerve due to mainly acidic taste stimuli. A best knowledge of this syndrome could prevent children from unnecessary tests and exclusion diets. Contrary to adult population, Frey syndrome in children is self-limiting, benign, and does not require treatment (AU)

The influence of gender and atopy in the relationship between obesity and asthma in childhood.

BACKGROUND: The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between asthma and overweight-obesity in Spanish children and adolescents and to determine whether this relationship was affected by gender and atopy. METHODS: The study involves 8607 Spanish children and adolescents from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood phase III. Unconditional logistic regression was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the association between asthma symptoms and overweight-obesity in the two groups. Afterwards, it was stratified by sex and rhinoconjunctivitis. RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in 6-7-year-old children was 18.6% and 5.2% respectively and in 13-14 year-old teenagers was 11.4% and 1.1% respectively. Only the obese children, not the overweight children, of the 6-7 year old group had a higher risk of any asthma symptoms (wheezing ever: OR 1.68 [1.15-2.47], asthma ever: OR 2.29 [1.43-3.68], current asthma 2.56 [1.54-4.28], severe asthma 3.18 [1.50-6.73], exercise-induced asthma 2.71 [1.45-5.05]). The obese girls had an increased risk of suffering any asthma symptoms (wheezing ever: OR 1.73 [1.05-2.91], asthma ever: OR 3.12 [1.67-5.82], current asthma 3.20 [1.65-6.19], severe asthma 4.83[1.94-12.04], exercise-induced asthma 3.68 [1.67-8.08]). The obese children without rhinoconjunctivitis had a higher risk of asthma symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Obesity and asthma symptoms were associated in 6-7 year-old children but not in 13-14 year-old teenagers. The association was stronger in non-atopic children and obese girls.

Defecto fibroso cortical, por favor no tocar / Fibrous cortical defect, please do not touch it

El defecto fibroso cortical es una entidad común en la población infantil y su morfología radiológica típica permite el diagnóstico; dado su carácter involutivo no requiere tratamiento. Sin embargo, el desconocimiento de esta patología por parte de los pediatras conlleva un aumento de la demanda de exámenes complementarios y es generador de situaciones de estrés en pacientes y familiares. Se presenta el caso de un niño con defecto fibroso cortical recientemente diagnosticado en nuestro centro (AU)

The fibrous cortical defect is a common entity in children and the typical radiological image enables diagnosis. As these lesions are self-limited, no treatment is required. However, this lesion is not well known by pediatricians, which leads to an increased use of complementary tests and generates stress on patients and families. We present the case of a child with fibrous cortical defect recently diagnosed in our center (AU)

Fractura-avulsión de la espina iliaca anterosuperior en un adolescente deportista. A propósito de un caso / Avulsion fracture of iliac anterosuperior spine in a young athlete. A case report

Las fracturas por arrancamiento de las apófisis pélvicas son lesiones con una baja incidencia en la edad pediátrica. Dichas fracturas ocurren durante la adolescencia, periodo del crecimiento en el que los núcleos de osificación se fusionan con la pelvis. El arrancamiento de las apófisis pélvicas suceden durante la realización de ejercicios explosivos. Presentamos un caso de un adolescente que, tras un mecanismo de producción característico, presenta un arrancamiento de la espina iliaca anterosuperior (AU)

Pelvic apophyseal avulsion fractures have a low incidence in childhood. These fractures occur during the adolescence in the interval between the appearence of ossific nuclei an their fusion at pelvic tuberosities. The pelvic apophyseal avulsion fractures occur during explosive exercises. We report a case of an adolescence how after a typical production presents an avulsion fracture of anterosuperior spine (AU)